面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化

考虑网联自动驾驶车辆(Connected Autonomous Vehicle, CAV)应用先进的车联网与自动驾驶技术，可以采用智能交叉口的组织形式，大幅提升交叉口的通行效率，为降低CAV与人工驾驶车辆(Human-driven Vehicle, HV)混行条件下城市交通系统的整体出行成本，提出智能交叉口在城 市交通网络中的布局优化问题，建立数学优化模型并求解。首先，基于对两类车辆行驶特性的分析，建立混合用户均衡模型，描述CAV与HV的路径选择行为；其次，从交通规划者的角度，以系统最优为目标，整合混合用户均衡模型，建立面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化模型，并利用改进的遗传算法求解；最后，选取Sioux-Falls交通网络作为案例分析，验证模型与算法的有效性，并研究CAV渗透率变化对优化结果的影响。研究表明，智能交叉口在城市路网中的合理规划极大地提高了新型混行场景下城市交通系统的出行效率，同时，大幅降低了由于网联自动 驾驶单方面技术优势带来的CAV与HV的出行效率差距，增进了出行公平性。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

S^2 BHCA Multiple AUVs cooperation oriented control architecture

Oceanographic survey, or other similar applications should be the applications of multiple AUVs. In this paper, the skill ＆ simulation based hybrid control architecture （S^2BHCA） as the controller＇s design reference was proposed. It is a multi-robot cooperation oriented intelligent control architecture based on hybrid ideas. The S^2BHCA attempts to incorporate the virtues of the reactive controller and of the deliberative controller by introducing the concept of the ＂skill＂. The additional online task simulation ability for cooperation is supported, too. As an application, a multiple AUV control system was developed with three ＂skills＂ for the MCM mission including two different cooperative tasks. The simulation and the sea trials show that simple task expression, fast reaction and better cooperation support can be achieved by realizing the AUV controller based on the S^2BHCA.     

声强理论在高速铁道车辆噪声测试与分析中的应用

运用声强理论知识,根据对国外高速铁道车辆进行的运行噪声测试和分析,确定了在不同工况、不同运行速度、不同测试位置时的高速铁道车辆车内噪声分布规律,对我国进行高速铁道车辆防噪降噪设计有较高的参考价值。     

专家系统在分散自律调度集中系统中的应用

描述了将专家系统理论应用于分散自律调度集中系统的车站自律机的设计,给出了自律机专家系统的知识库、推理机的构架及原理,并介绍了自律机知识库自学习机制.由于采用了专家系统,从而提高了自律机的自动化和智能化程度.     

地铁车辆辅助逆变器的设计与仿真

以地铁车辆用DC1500V/160kVA辅助逆变器为例,阐述了采用IGBT作为主要开关元件的主电路及其控制系统,并利用MATLAB/SIMULINK进行仿真验证其可行性,最后给出了采用电压空间矢量控制的仿真结果。     

角色自律分散系统概念及体系结构

从理论研究和应用研究等角度综述自律分散系统技术的国内外研究现状,归纳出系统潜在功能的自律表达应用模式。对自动化系统进行多层次抽象,明确了集中式、客户/服务器和自律分散结构的适应领域,明确了系统功能及其表达方式的时空关系。自动化系统的功能包括固定功能、人工进化功能、潜在功能和自我进化功能;系统功能表达方式的时空关系有时空不变、时间可变和时空可变3种。对系统潜在功能的自律(时空可变)表达模式进行提炼,定义角色自律分散系统的概念。提出角色域与数据域双重驱动的角色自律分散系统的体系结构,角色和数据通过角色域与数据域进行交互,角色自律控制器实现角色转换的协调,数据仲裁器确保分散环境中的数据一致性,角色/功能/对象调度器分别实现系统角色,功能和对象的调度与激活。将角色自律分散系统体系结构应用于铁路调度系统中,表明技术上是可行性的。     

高速列车横向悬挂主动、半主动控制技术的研究

针对铁路机车车辆横向悬挂系统存在的振动问题,提出了一种基于力和加速度反馈的旨在抑制振动的主动、半主动控制方案。介绍了主动、半主动控制原理,相应的执行机构和控制器的构成,整车试验的试验方法和部分试验结果。试验表明:采用主动、半主动控制技术以后,机车车辆的运行平稳性指标得到了较大的提高,列车的运行品质得到了明显改善。     

北京地铁受流器疲劳可靠性评估及改进研究

北京地铁1号线车辆采用新型受流器,其受流靴在实际运用中出现了过早失效断裂的现象.分析了受流靴断裂的原因,提出了城市轨道交通车辆关键部件疲劳可靠性评估及改进方法并应用于实际结构.基于损伤一致性原则,将实际线路测试的受流靴动应力数据变为Ansys能识别的载荷加载到原结构,计算受流靴原结构疲劳寿命,计算结果与实际运用寿命一致.在此基础上,采用优化算法,提出了结构改进方案.新结构方案可解决受流靴因疲劳而提前失效的问题.     

无锡地铁1号线列车母线高压电路设计与探讨

基于城轨列车通过断电区对车辆控制和系统安全的风险控制要求,结合目前应用的几种典型列车高压母线电路特点,提出无锡地铁1号线列车高压母线电路设计优化方案,并对受流器的配置提出了新的设计思路。